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Union Territory Chôchah nata eima hmah lana dah | Union Territory Chôchah nata eima hmah lana dah |
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| Written by Derick Salai Solo | |||
| Friday, 15 August 2008 | |||
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Maraland UT tahpazy he eima nakhaoh liata eima thei hoh kaw, eima khoh kaw hra. He article phaw kawpa he Puhpa Derick Salai Solo ta a ropa a cha. Rei cheingei chi a cha..
UNION TERRITORY CHÔCHAH NATA EIMA HMAH LANA DAH
Derick Salai Solo
26th January, 2008 Hyderabad. Union Territory he Mara zawpizy ta ‘eima khoh chaipa’ tah sila, eima rei chhei tu nahta pangiasa vana. Mara râh independence tlyma, India ry liata state a no-eih tlaita y hra awpa zy cha eima khoh leipa cha leipata, hmôthei awpata eimâ ngâ leipa a za lyu kaw. Eima râh chhithatuhzy ta independence tlyma, India ry liata state sakha ta y hra awpata achhuahna ama hneipata a lâ hra vei. Ahy hmahta he chôchah he reih bei leipa ei ta, Mara zawpizy hryta tlâh-awh khei hra vei ei. UT deikua eima khoh tahpa Central sawhkhâ hnohta eima tlôkhei ha chiehpa a châ. Maraland Democratic Front ta “UT for Maraland” hiah ta, ama Party aduana chhâ chaipa a châ hra. Congress ta “UT for United Chhimtuipui” (Lai, Chakma & Mara) ama hiah hra. Congress Party deikua eima râh liata â kaw dua thao noh tawh ta UT pachâna hnei hlei veih ei. UT chôchah he Indian Constitution eima moh khiatala, Articles 2,3 nata Part VIII liata hmô pita, anodeikuala, a sianô kawpata rohpa y vei. Articles 2 nata 3 heta Parliament biehneina palâsa ei ta; Parliament ta State (UT chhao) thiepa a tao/padua thei (form or establish), state y chiehpa pachhaihpa ta tlyma, states sâno tlyma sâno hlâta hluh viapa pachhaih-pachhuahpa ta tlyma, states sâno tlyma sâno hlâta hluh viapa chhao state sâkha ta a tao thei hra. Chahleikhôta, Parliament ta state kawhna zie (area) pachyh thei ta, pakawh thei ta, râhri (boundary) panano thei ta, a moh (name) chhao a thla thei hra. Anodeikuala, achô liata biehneina he President apykheina la tua leipata House liata a ngiakhei theipa châ vei. President ta state sawhkhâ pachâna a hiahri hra aw. Pamohpasa n’awpata, “UT of Maraland Bill” House liata a ngiakheipa a châ hlâta President ta Mawrah sawhkhâ pachâna a kaw saohiah tua hra aw. Hmeiseihna kyh liata la, UT hmôtheina he Central sawhkhâ ku liata a y. Part VIII deikua ta cha UT chôchah dei reih ta; ahiatheina nata ahmôtheina dâh deikua za rei tla hra vei. A palâsa tlâhpi chaipa cha UT biehneina (Power), mohôhna dâh (Administration) nata President ta UT thokhazy châta dâh (Regulations) a taotheinazy a châ pachai. States Reorganisation Act, 1956 hlâ khata cha India he state chithôh lâta pachhaihpa châ ta, Part A - ry liata state pitlohpazy y ta, Part B - ry liata state hmahsie ngâ haipazy y ta, Part C - ry liata state chyhpazy ama y . He Act, 1956 hmâpa a châ tawhta cha India he states nata union territories lâta pachhaihpa a châ ha. India Dâhpipa (First Schedule) liata states nata union terrritories mohzy paziahpa a châ. Atahmâ no heta India sawhkhâ ry liata States syno-sâcharie (28) nata Union Territories sâsari (7) a y. UT zydua he a mohôhna dâh (Administration) a lyu khai leipa ta, ama biehneina chhao a khokhai hra vei. He hawhna heta pachhaih sih la: Sâkhana - Delhi nata Puducherry zy he biehneina sâh viapa hnei ei ta, zawpizy ta ama vyuhpa (representative) châta Members of Legislative Assembly a tly thei ei ta, âmo kho tlaita ryu amâ rei thei. Governor hnei leipa ei ta , Lieutenant Governor ama hnei. Sânona - Andaman and Nicobar Islands cha âmo kho ta ryu a rei thei leipa ei ta, vyuhpa châta MLA chhao a tlyh thei hra vei ei. Lieutenant Governor ta mohôh ta, Chief Secretary ta a baokhâ. Sâthôhna - UT hluh viapazy cha vyuhpa châta MLA a tly thei hra leipa ei ta, ryureina no-eihpa hnei vei ei. Lieutenant Governor chhao hnei leipa ei ta, Administrator mohôhna ry liata ama y. Chazy cha Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu nata Lakshadweep zy ama châ. Delhi nata Puducherry tah leipa zy heta cha Member of Parliament (Rajya Sabha) hnei vei ei. Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha) deikua pakha (1) sai ama hnei, Delhi deikua ta cha MP(LS) pasari(7) nata MP(RS) pathô(3) a hnei. State tlyma UT tlyma hia awpa heta hmopeimawh byuhpa (essential elements) India Dâhpipa liata rohpa a y lei tarawpata, hmo sâno peimawhpa hnei cheingei awpa byupa zy cha : râh (territory) nata zawpi maluh (population) zy a châ. UT he India sawhkhâ ta a pie leina rei kaw bâ ta, kô 1987 ta Daman and Diu UT a piepa kha eima pahno chhâ chaipa a châ. State deikua kô 2000 ta Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh nata Uttarakhand hnota piepa a châ. State nata UT zy he ama râh kawhna zie (area) a lyu lei kaw sai ta, thokhazy a kawh kaw no ta thokhazy cha a buah kaw heih tlôh hra. Zawpi maluh (population) ama hneina zie chhao â lyu lei tlôlô hra. Uttar Pradesh kawhna zie cha 2,38,566 sq km châ ta, zawpi maluh 16,60,52,859(*2001) a hnei. Maharashtra kawhna zie cha 3,07,713 sq km châ ta, zawpi maluh 9,67,52,247* a hnei. Andhra Pradesh kawhna zie cha 2,75,069 sq km châ ta, zawpi malu 7,61,11,243* a hnei. Rajasthan kawhna zie cha 3,42,239 sq km chata zawpi maluh 56,507,188* a hnei. Goa kawhna zie cha 3,702 sq km châ ta, zawpi maluh 13,47,668* a hnei. Sikkim kawna zie cha 7096 sq km châ ta, zawpi maluh 5,40,851* a hnei. Mizoram kawhna zie cha 21,087 sq km châ ta, zawpi maluh 8,88,573* a hnei. UT eima hnei pazy ama râh kawhna zie nata maluh moh heih tua sila. Andaman and Nicobar Islands kawhna zie cha 8,249 sq km châ ta maluh 3,56,152* a hnei. National Capital Territory of Delhi kawhna zie cha 1,483 sq km châ ta, maluh 13,850,507* a hnei. Puducherry kawhna zie cha 492 sq km châ ta, maluh 9,73,829* a hnei. Chandigarh kawhna zie cha 114 sq km châ ta, maluh 9,00,914* a hnei. Dadra & Nagar Haveli kawhna zie cha 491 sq km chata maluh 2,20,490* a hnei. Daman & Diu kawhna zie cha 112 sq km châ ta, maluh 1,58,204* a hnei. Lakshadweep kawhna zie cha 32 sq km châ ta, maluh 60,595* a hnei. Maraland UT hmôpa cha sila, a kawhna zie awpa cha 1,400 sq km, maluh zie awpa 61,056* (Mizoram Statistical Handbook-2004). MADC record liata deikua Mara râh kawhna zie he 1,445 sq km a châ. 1400 sq km he Siaha District kawhna zie a châ. MADC heta Siaha District khôla râh a hneipa pahno tlôh leipa pita. Ado viapa pahnopa byuh â chhi kaw! Maluh zie he Mara, Lai nata Reih hro cheih penawh Siaha District liata y pazy reipâ khaipa ta a châ. United Chhimtuipui UT eima hmô khiatala, a kawhna zie awpa cha 3,957 sq km, maluh zie awpa cha 1,34,676* a châ. State chyhpa thokha, Goa nata Sikkim zyta state ama hmô chhâ chaipa cha India ry liata y hra awpata aryhna bie ama pathlupa vâta a châ. Goa he India ta independence a hmô ha tawh chhao ta Portuguese ryureina ry liata y ta, kô 1961 December noh 19 ta India ryureina ry liata UT hnei ta y awpata paryhsapa a châ. Kô 1987 May noh 30 ta state piepa a châ. Sikkim he India hawhta râh no-eih ta y tyhpa châ ta, châhrasala kô 1975 ta India ry liata y hra awpata bie pathlupa a châ. Cha noh tawhta India ry liata state sâkha hawhta a y ha hra. Delhi nata Chandigarh zy he khihpi ano-eih tlaita UT hneipa ama châ. Delhi he India khihpi a châna hawhta National Capital Territory of Delhi tahpa châ ta, kô 1956 tawhta UT piepa a châ. Chandigarh deikua kô 1966 November noh 1 ta UT piepa a châ. Chandigarh he Punjab nata Haryana states zy khihpi ahlypa a châ. Dadra & Nagar Haveli he Portuguese ry liata kô 1954 August noh 2 taihta y ei ta, kô 1954 tawhta 1961 chhô he independent bâ tu hawhta ama y. Kô 1961 August noh 11 ta India ryureina ry liata UT piepa ta ama y ha hra. Lakshadweep he tilaipi likaw liata râh (islands) a y pa châ ta, East India Company (British) ry liata a y tyh. Kô 1956 ta he tilaipi likaw liata râhzy he ryureina sâkha UT piepa ama châ. Daman & Diu he Portuguese ry liata y tyh ta, kô 1961 ta India amâ vaw pazao tawhta Goa nata hmaokha ta UT piepa châ ta. Kô 1987 ta Goa state piepa a châ tawhta, Daman & Diu chhao UT no-eihpa piepa a châ hra.Puducherry he kô 138 chhôh French ryureina ry liata y ta, kô 1954 November noh 1 ta India hnohta hlâpa a cha. Kô 1962 tawhta UT sâh chaipa khohta ryureina (Assembly) a hnei hra. Delhi nata Puducherry zy tah leipa, UT hro penawh zy hela Central sawhkhâ mohôhna ryh liata ama y. Atahmâ no heta State a hiapa ama y chili. Maharashtra liata a pahrâpe’nawh thokhazy ta state no-eihpa ‘Vidharbha’ ama hiah; Nagpur he khihpi (capital) châta amâ pahawhpa a châ. Ama hia tawhta kô hluh a khô ha hra bâ. West Bengal liata Gorkha a pahrâpe’nawhzy ta Gorkhaland amâ hiah hra; Gorkha Janamukti Morcha he a tôhpi phiatu chaipa a châ. Atahmâ no he Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council ama hnei. India state hryta zawpi maluh hluh chaina Uttar Pradesh chhao pachhaih awpa khona a y ha hra. Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister nata Bahujan Samaj Party chhithatuhpa, Pihnô Mayawati ta Uttar Pradesh pachhaih awpa a paryhsa, “Central sawkha ku liata a y” a tah. Uttar Pradesh he states sâthô lâta pachhaih awpa khohpa châ ta, chazy cha Western Uttar Pradesh (a moh awpa bi mâh leipa), Bundelkhand nata Uttar Pradesh. AICC General Secretary, Rahul Gandhi chhaota Uttar Pradesh pachhaih awpa a peimawhnazie a reih ha hra. Bundelkhand he state no-eihpa ta pie awpa a pha a tahzie a reih. India râh state hluh viapata pachhaih awpa a pha tahpa ama y nota, political parties thokhazy ta khoh veih ei. United National Progressive Alliance (Congress nata BJP akhoh leipa regional party apazaopakhypa) heta India râh state hluh viapata pachhaih awpa khoh vei ei. Ama Chairperson Puhpa Mulayam Singh Yadav ta state chyhpa liata la naxalite buabana (problems) a hlu khoh a tah. UNPA chhithatuhpa a lâluah viapazy cha Chandrababu Naidu (Telugu Desam Party), Farooq Abdullah (National Conference), Amar Singh (Samajwadi Party), Om Prakash Chautala (Haryna CM parohpa) nata Jayalalitha (AIDMK) zy ama châ. Asom Gana Parishad chhao UNPA lia amâ hlao hra. UNPA heta Members of Parliament chhao vâro tlai ama hnei hra. Pihnô Jayalalitha deikua UNPA â hla sai via ngâ kaw. Left Front eima tahpe’nawh Communist Party of India(Marxist), Communist Party of India, All India Forward Bloc, Revolutionary Socialist Party nata ama hrialâhpazy ta state a y chiehpa hlei khôta la, state thiehpa tao/pie awpa paryhsa vei ei. Ama pachânazie cha su (region) hmâhsie leipa (backward) zy hnohta hmâhsiena (development) tlôkhei awpa a châ. Hmâhsiena sawhkhâ ta a tlôkhei khiatala, ahy hmahta state no-eih hnei hra awpata pachâna/khohna ama hnei nahta pangiasa vei ei. Ama râh (region) liata hmahsiena a tlô/y leipa vâ deita state no-eih khohna palôhrupa zawpizy ta amâ hneipa hawhta Left Front nahta cha ama pachâ. Atahmâ nohta state ahiahpazy hryta pyury hnei chaip’enawh cha “Telangana” a hiahp’enawh ama châ. Telangana he Andhra Pradesh tawhta state no-eih ta pua awpa amâ chhuah. Ama râh chhao kawh kaw ta, zawpi maluh chhao vâro tlai ama hnei hra. Telangana ry lia heta District saita sahrawh (10) a y hra. Hyderabad khihpi cheingei chhao he Telangana ô-na chhôh liata a ypa a châ. Telangana State châta hmahlatuh chaip’enawh cha Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) ama châ. Kô 2004 ta Congress nata TRS he hriapakaoh ei ta, Andhra Pradesh State Assembly atlyhna (election) liata chhao ama tlô ngâsâ. He hleikhôta, kô 2004 Parliament atlyhna liata chhao ama hria khoh hra. TRS he United Progressive Alliance liata a hlao hra ta, Telangana chôchâh chhao Common Minimum Programme liata pahlaopa a châ hra. TRS heta kô 2004 Parliament atlyhna liata Member of Parliament chhao papangaw (5) tlai ama hnei hra. Ama President, Puhpa K. Chandrasakher Rao cha Union Cabinet Minister châta la pangiapa châta, Puhpa A. Narendra chhao Minister of State châta la pangiapa a châ hra. Andhra Pradesh Assembly liata chhao member vâro hnei ei ta, thokhazy cha Minister zy chhao ama châ hra. Anodeikua, ama hia chaipa Telangana State piepa ama châ leipa naihta, kô 2006 chhâ lâta central liata UPA sawhkhâ ama baopa (support) nata Andhra Pradesh liata Congress sawhkhâ ama baona cha ama pachhâsa. Ama châna (Ministerial berths) zydua siesai ngâh pata hmah ama la lymâ. Kô 2008 March noh 6 hlâta Telangana state piepa amâ cha leipa vâta, ama chhithatuhzy ta ama châna (MP, MLA-16 nata MLC-3) ama bâsai khai ha. Âmo châta cha châna hlâta Telangana State hnei awpa peimawh via tlô ta.TRS hleikhôta, Telangana ô-na chhôh liata party hropa chhithatuhp’enawh (Congress, BJP nata TDP) zy chhao ta Telangana State no-eihta y awpa ama khoh. Hmah chhao ama theina chyu hawhta ama la lymâ hra. UPA sawhkhâ ta Telangana state hlao a patloh thei leina chhâ chaipa cha UPA hryta party thokha (Left Front) zyta state thiehpa tao/pie awpa ama khoh leipa vâta a châ. Telangana zawpizy ta Telangana State no-eihta hnei awpa ama khohna a pasa tu hapa naihta CPI General Secretary Puhpa AB Bardhan chhaota ama party ta Telangana State pie awpa a paryhsa ha tahpa a reih. Telangana State chôchâh pachâ awpa heta Pranab Mukherjee Committee chhao paduapa a châ. Central Sawhkhâ ta state thiepa a tao/pie chyta palôh liata khâ a hnei tyhpa cha : state thiehpa a hiapa râh (region) cha hmahsiena liata hnôh a khaw ma (lack of development), a chyhsa pahrâp’enawhzy cha state sawhkhâ ta hmo toti liata mopa-eihna (discrimination) a hnei ma, a tivy awpata a râh leilô a hneirôh ma (natural resources), a râh chhôh liata a hlai-chhuna lâpi (transportation & communication) a pha ma, a râh liata pahrâp’enawh châ reih nata roh (literacy rate) thaipa hluh na zie zy a châ. Keimo chhao ta palôh liata khâ eima hnei hra awpa cha achuna (education) nata sasyh-ativyna (self-sufficiency) zy he a châ. UT eima hmô khiata cha achuna sâhpa (Matric, BA, MA etc.) a hnei leipa zydua chhao sawhkhâ raih sâhpa hria thei khai hra awpata eima pachâna he a do vei. ‘Châ reih nata roh thaipa ama chyh khiatala kheita e âmo sasyh ta ryu amâ reithei aw’ tahpa he Central sawhkhâ pachâna tlao a châ. Chanaihta UT eima hmô hlâ tawhna heta achuna eima pasâhsaliah lymâ awpa a peimawh ngâsâ. Eima râh he râh hro hawhta a leilô hneirôh hleitu vei hrasala, eima râh leilô hneirôna hmâpata keimo sasyh ta a tivy eimâ chhuah awpa a byuh. Keimo sasyh ta eimâ tivy thei leipa a châ khiatala, sasyh ryureina (UT) cha kheita e eima hnei thei hra aw. UT eima hiana liata eima duahmo za moh hra tua sila. Central sawhkhâ National Democratic Alliance (BJP nata ahrialâhpazy) ta a siekhei nota MDF ta Maraland UT hiah ta, United Chhimtuipui Congress ta Chhimtuipui UT a hiah hra. UT eima hiahpa he UT pha chaipa – ryureina Legislative Assembly hneipa tlai – eima hiah awpa a châ. Delhi nata Puducherry UT hawpa tlai hih. Râh chaki nata râhri (border) liata eima y-pa he India râh abohna (security) pachâpa ta Maraland UT a peimawhna zie Central sawhkhâ hnohta eima tlôkhei thai kawpa a byu. Central Sawhkhâ ta a râh abohna (national security) he a pachâ peimawh kaw. Khizaw sawhkhâ nata India sawhkhâ heta biehneina pachhaihpachhuahpa (decentralization of powers) ama papeimawhsa kawpa naihta he chhaichhi he UT eima hia nota ta eima hmâh hra awpa a pha. Mawrah sawhkhâ ta hmahsiena eima râh lâ a kaw tlôkhei hra leipa zie zy, reih-hro cheihpa nata chi-chyhpa (linguistic minority) eima châpa vâta mo-eihpa (discriminate) eima châ tyhpa zy nata sawhkhâ raih (job) liata Marapazy khokheina maniah ama hnei bei leipazy he eima tlôkhei awpa a peimawh. He hawhpa vâ nâta hmo hropa hlupi vâta Mawrah sawhkhâ ry liata y thei awpa eima cha khao leipa zie zy Central hnota eima tlôkhei awpa a byuh. Central liata NDA a sawhkhâ nohta UT eima hianazy kha UPA a sawhkhâ tawhta chadai-pazina y tu khao vei. Eima rah chhithatuhzy heta UT he a mâ ngâ khao leipa ma, atahma nota ama châna (MDC, MLA, EM, etc.) lia heta ama palô a tlâh kaw chy tly.? Opposition liata y no deita ma UT he hiapa tlao ama zâ chhuah tly? Telangana Rashtra Samithi chhithatuhzy hawh heta châna siesai ta UT ama buakhei ngâh hmeiseih hra vâ tly ma!? TRS ta châna a siesaipazy pachâpata la, keimo chânazy la reikhi hmah tah vei. MP tloh thei mâh mapi tahpa eima pahno thlâh na chôta, Puhpa Mylai Hlychho candidate eima hneipa zy kha UT hmahlana liata hmo peimawhkawpa a châ. Vadua chhi kawta, atlyhna heipa lia deikua tala Mara-pa MP candidate hnei khao mapi. Hmo eima tao chhei kawpa sâkha la, 2004 Parliament atlyhna liata MDF ta MNF candidate a bao (support) kha a châ. MNF he vei ma Mawrah liata opposition ta ama y noh ta Chakma District Council phie awpa khoh tuhpa kha a châ vei? Anodeikua, Mawrah sawhkhâ biehneina a châ leipa vâ chyu chyuh ta vei ma, ama sawhkhâ taw chhaota ama phie thei leipa châ vei. Ama reikah thlâh liata chhao Mawrah (Mizoram State) zôkha chhaota panano awpa pasaih vei ei. He hawhpa palô ama phaopa naihta Maraland UT mania pie awpa la pasai vei ei tahpa a lâ chhielie thlâh ha. Parliament liata “Maraland UT Bill” a ngiakhei theipa chhao cha sila, MNF MP cha a khoh lei tuh chaipa a châ awpa a châ. Eima duahmo cha Parliament liata maniah chakhiatuh (opponent) awpa eima za soh chhielie tah na a châ. Eima râh chhithatuhzy heta UT eima hiana liata lâpi mania pavia kheipa a lyu kaw. Chihro-phohrop’enawh ta la he hawhpa hmo he ama tao khoh nahta a ngia vei. Eima râh chhithatuhp’enawh thokhazy ta UT eima hiapa pahno khao leipa hawhta, ama partyzy amâ râ sai laih ngâ kaw. UT hlâta politics liata abohna (political survival) a papeimawhsa viapa ama lyu kaw. UT ama hia no khata ama sia leipa ma tlao a châ tly? Thokhazy ta party liata palôtlâh leipa vâta ama party puasai ei ta, UT policy tlâh ama awh khei hra. Anodeikua, MDC, MLA ticket ama to lei nahta thlaita ama bâsai ha heih. Athaoh ta nota UT policy khona nata pahâna rai a hnei leipa, party y-na liata palôtlâh leipa taw’nahta UT policy a pahâh pathaopa râh chhithatuhpa cha zo thai awpa a ru ngâsâ. UT he hmô hmeiseih awpa a chhuah leipata, MDC/MLA tloh n’awpa châta dei a hmâhpa eima lyu. Maraland UT cha Mara zawpizy ta eima khoh chaipa a châ sai aw. Tawhla, Mawrah ry liata y ngâ kaw hlâta la, Chhimtuipui UT hnei awpa chhao eima khoh via hra aw. UT no-eihpa hnei n’awpa he hmo rainao kawpa châ leipa ta, atahmâ nota hmah eima lana dâh mopa chhochhita la eimâ kaw hla hmi kaw chy. India sawhkhâ heta Marapazy pi he Lai nata Chakma hlâta maniah khokhei patlua via hlei vei. Marapazy pita hiah tyh hra sila, Regional nata District Council chhao Lai nata Chakma zy a pie thlyu-lyu hra. Cha hawhna chata UT chhao Mara dei maniah pie awpa pangiasa a chhi vei. India map moh sila, Mizoram State ry liata UT sâthô: Mara, Lai nata Chakma zy ta eima hnei awpa cha hmo rairu’m pi a châ aw. Anodeikua, hmophapa hmô awpa cha rainao beih leipa ta, rairuna chatôh pathlah awpa a byuh. Atahmâ nota hmah eima lana dâh deikua Mara zawpizy hnabei a dy khoh kaw nahta ei pangiasa. Eima chhithatuhpazy ta khapa hmah UT eima hmô thei n’awpata ky (sacrifice) ngâh leipa ei ta, tiama pata a châdai pazi hoh khao vei ei. UT hmô thei mapi tah lei p’aw nata, eima hmah lana dâh mopata la UT eima hmô n’awpa â kaw hla kaw chy aw. *(2001 census) Notes:
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